Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons that have an important place in the chemical sector. These pictures, also presented as "paraffin", consist only of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
There are several main methods for obtaining alkanes. These include obtaining natural resources, laboratory syntheses, and chemicals.
One of the most common copies is the processing of natural gas and petroleum. While natural gas contains a lot of methane (C1), petroleum is a more complex mixture and contains various alkanes.
Petroleum refineries can separate alkanes by heating the petroleum and distilling different tanks. This process is called fractional distillation over time period of time period.
Fractional distillation is a method of separating the melting of a liquid mixture according to its boiling points. When gasoline is heated in a refinery, different alkanes and other hydrocarbons vaporize.
These vapors are then cooled and returned to liquid form, thus obtaining different alkanes. For example, smaller alkanes such as methane, ethane, propane, and butane are vaporized in lower parts, while longer-chain alkanes are separated into higher parts. For this reason, oil refineries are very important sources for the production of various alkanes.
It is used for some processes to obtain alkanes in a laboratory environment. One of these images is the reaction of alkyl asides (for example, alkyl bromides) with hydrogen.
This type of reaction allows alkanes to be synthesized in a laboratory environment. Another method is the saturation of alkenes by expansion.
Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond, and this bond can be opened by adding hydrogen atoms. This process is usually separated from each other along one of you, and the obtained ones are obtained.
Another critical method for obtaining alkanes is the use of biomass unknowns. Biomass, which is formed due to special processing and disintegration of organic parts, can be a source for the production of alkanes.
Thermal or biochemical processing of biomass makes it possible to obtain other energy sources as well as alkanes. Especially in recent years, studies on the production of alkanes with biomass, which has the energy of interest, have also gained momentum.
As a result, alkanes are critical chemical images obtained in various ways, both from natural sources and under laboratory conditions. Natural gas and oil, whether there are spares of alkanes, are divided by fractional distillation. In addition, alkanes can be synthesized with various chemicals under laboratory conditions. Biomass sources are also evaluated for alkane production as an alternative that is gaining importance today. Obtaining alkanes, energy production, and petrochemical products play a critical role in many areas.